Which of the following is NOT a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria?

• A. Anthrax
• B. Leptospirosis
• C. Tuberculosis
• D. Toxoplasmosis

Answer: (D)

Understanding this requires recognizing that zoonotic diseases can arise from different types of pathogens, and this question asks for a disease not caused by bacteria. Anthrax, leptospirosis, and tuberculosis are all bacterial infections that can be transmitted from animals to humans (Bacillus anthracis, Leptospira, and Mycobacterium species, respectively). Toxoplasmosis, on the other hand, is caused by a protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, not a bacterium. It is still zoonotic, but its causative agent is a protozoan, so it isn’t a bacterial disease.